At the Lekki Deep Sea Port in Lagos, Chinese-made cranes unload containers beside a Chinese-backed free trade zone linked to rail systems financed and built by Beijing. In northern Nigeria, Chinese-funded rail corridors and transmission lines are redrawing trade routes. In Abuja, Huawei-backed infrastructure supports parts of Nigeria’s telecom backbone. And in the oil sector, Chinese firms are moving beyond construction contracts into operational partnerships tied to Nigeria’s refining ambitions.